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- Published: Sunday, 10 March 2024 16:28
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Simple Future and Conditional form
I've combined both Future and conditional form into one section as they both follow similar form. Simple Future form is sentences like "I will do this". Simple Conditional form is sentences like "I would do this". They both are referring to things in future though one is hypothetical. Both of these transformations keep the base word same, and just add a suffix. So, remember that if the full infinitive form of the verb is kept, it's always things in future !! The transformation of all verbs (ending in -ar, -er, -ir) is the same, so it's easy to remember.
Similarity with Past tense: One caveat is that past tense for 3rd person plural for -ar verbs ends in -aron. This may make it sound like the full ar verb is being used, and we are just adding -on to it. So, we may confuse it with future form. The only thing that saves us here is that past tense ends in -on, while future form for 3rd person plural always ends in -án (and NOT -on).
ex: hablar: past tense for 3rd plural is hablaron, while that for future tense is hablarán (with accent). So, remember this subtle difference.
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Future Tense of -ar, -er, -ir verbs:
Fortunately future tense of all the -ar, -er, -ir verbs follow the same pattern. However, there are many exceptions to this rule that we will learn later. Future tense is "I will go", "she will go to Paris" etc. There is no separate translation for "will" in spanish, we just transform the verb based on table below to indicate "will go", "will eat" in 1 word.
Lesson 51 => https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U42loE1zhdw
Below is the transformation table. The thing that is different about future tense is that the base word remains the same, we just add the below suffix to it. The suffix has an accent in all forms except first person plural.
| base word = -ar, -ir, -er | singular | plural ( add s at end) |
| I => First person | -é (with accent) |
-emos (same as -er verb) |
| You (informal) => Second person |
-ás (with accent) |
-éis (same as -er verb) |
| He, she, You (formal=> Third person |
-á (with accent)
|
-án (with accent) |
Viajar => To travel: The Spanish verb viajar is an -ar verb translated in English as “to travel”. Below is the table based on above transformation.
| base word = viajar (to travel) | singular | plural ( add s at end) |
| I => First person |
viajaré => will travel |
viajaremos ex: nosotros viajaremos (we will travel) |
| You (informal) => Second person |
viajarás |
viajaréis ex: vosotros viajaréis => You will travel |
| He, she, You (formal) => Third person |
viajará =>
|
viajarán =>
|
Ex:
- I will go tomorrow => yo iré mañana
- She will talk to her boyfriend tonight => Ella hablará con su novio esta noche
- I'll find a nice house some day => encontraré una casa bonita algún día => Here we used "casa bonita" as adjectives come after noun in Spanish. However, "una bonita casa" is also valid.
Conditional (condicional simple) of -ar, -er, -ir verbs:
This is closely related to future form. But it's used to talk about hypothetical situations and make requests. Ex: "Would you pass the water?", "We would like out the trash", etc. Jus tlike future tense, all -ar, -er, -ir verbs follow the same pattern and base word remains the same (we just add suffix based on table below). There is no separate translation for "would" in spanish, we just transform the verb based on table below to indicate "would like to", "would you pass" in 1 word (just as in Future tense).
"Could" is another conditional form just like "would". ex: It could rain tomorrow. It's base verb is "can" or "poder" in spanish. So For could, we have separate verb "poder" to translate, while for "would" we have no separate verb, but instead conjugate the verb that follows "would".
Below is the transformation table. Here too the base word remains the same, we just add the below suffix to it. The suffix has an accent in all forms on the letter "i" (only the 1st i in suffix).
NOTE: This suffix "ía" etc is the same as that used in "Past Imperfect form" (i.e used to go, etc). The only difference is that it goes with the full base word here (i.e gustar + ía = gustaría), while in Past Imperfect, it goes with the stem (i.e gust + ía = gustía)
| base word = -ar, -ir, -er | singular | plural ( add s at end) |
| I => First person | -ía (with accent on i) |
-íamos (same as -er verb) |
| You (informal) => Second person |
-ías (with accent on i) |
-íais (same as -er verb) |
| He, she, You (formal=> Third person |
-iá (with accent on i)
|
-ían (with accent) |
Conocer => To know: The Spanish verb conocer is an -er verb translated in English as “to know”. Below is the table based on above transformation.
| base word = conocer (to know) | singular | plural |
| I => First person |
conocería => I would know |
conoceríamos ex: nosotros conoceríais (we would know) |
| You (informal) => Second person |
conocerías => you would know |
conoceríais ex: vosotros conoceríais => You all would know) |
| He, she, You (formal) => Third person |
conocería => he/she/you would know
|
conocerían =>
|
Ex: (NOTE: no separate transformation for would, the verb following "would" is conjugated based on table above)
- I would go tomorrow => yo iría mañana
- She would like to read this book => ella le gustaría leer este libro
- I would like to order a pizza => me gustaría ordernar una pizza
Poner => Can: The Spanish verb poner is explained under -er verb. It's conditional transformation is "could" and used very often, i.e it could rain tomorrow, etc. Below is the table based on above transformation. Stem is "podr" instead of poner for future tense.
| base word = poner (to know) | singular (stem is podr) | plural |
| I => First person |
podría => I could |
podríamos ex: nosotros conoceríais (we could) |
| You (informal) => Second person |
podrías => you could |
podríais ex: vosotros conoceríais |
| He, she, You (formal) => Third person |
podría => he/she/you could
|
podrían =>
|
ex: NOTE: Here "could" is conjugated based on table above, the verb following it is kept in infinitive form)
- It could rain tomorrow => podría llover mañana
- I could do it => yo podría hacerlo
- You could go => tú podrías ir
- could you pass me the salt? => ¿podrías pasarme la sal?
- Could you tell me the time? => ¿podrías darme la hora?